Adult ADHD Self Report Scale (ASRS)
What it is
The ASRS (Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale) is a simple questionnaire designed to help identify symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in adults. Unlike other conditions that may be more apparent in childhood, ADHD can often go unrecognized in adults. The ASRS helps to spot key symptoms, making it easier for people to understand whether ADHD could be affecting their daily life. This tool is based on the diagnostic criteria outlined in the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders).
How is it used
The ASRS is suitable for adults aged 18 and older. It’s quick to fill out, usually taking around 5 minutes or less. The questions focus on how often someone experiences certain behaviors, such as trouble concentrating, forgetting tasks, or feeling restless. Because it’s easy to administer, the ASRS is useful not only for an initial screening but also for tracking symptoms over time.
The ASRS is commonly used in healthcare settings, during therapy, or even by individuals who are curious about whether their challenges might be related to ADHD. While it’s not a standalone diagnostic tool, it’s a great way to start conversations with a healthcare professional about whether a deeper assessment might be needed.
What do the scores mean?
The ASRS consists of 18 questions, with each question rated on a scale from 0 (never) to 4 (very often). The questionnaire is divided into two parts: 1. The first 6 questions (Part A) focus on the most predictive symptoms of adult ADHD. These are known as the “screening questions.” A higher score in this section is a strong indicator that ADHD may be present. 2. The remaining 12 questions (Part B) assess additional symptoms that can support the diagnosis.
The scoring is straightforward:
- For each question, a score of sometimes, often, or very often is considered significant.
- If a person scores in the significant range on 4 or more of the first 6 questions in Part A, it’s a sign that further evaluation for ADHD might be beneficial.
- The total score across all 18 questions can help gauge the severity of symptoms, but it’s the pattern of responses that’s most important for identifying ADHD.
What does the research say?
The ASRS was developed in collaboration with experts from the World Health Organization (WHO), ensuring that it’s a reliable tool backed by scientific research. It’s been shown to be both reliable (meaning it consistently measures symptoms accurately) and valid (meaning it accurately identifies ADHD in adults).
The ASRS is especially helpful because ADHD can sometimes be harder to recognize in adults. It’s a practical tool that helps identify symptoms that might have been overlooked, providing a structured way for adults to reflect on their experiences.
Note: The ASRS is a screening tool, not a diagnosis. If someone’s responses suggest ADHD, it’s important to consult with a healthcare professional for a comprehensive assessment.
Developer
Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B., & Löwe, B. (2006). A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Archives of internal medicine, 166(10), 1092-1097.
References
Kessler et al. (2005). The World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS): a short screening scale for use in the general population. Psychological Medicine, 35(2), 245–256.